I. Particulars for a Person Who Lacks Grace. 
 That is the general characteristic. Here 
are the particulars for a person who lacks grace: Once he has turned 
away from God, the person dwells on himself, and makes self the main 
goal of his life and activity. This is because at this point, after God,
 there is for him nothing higher than self, especially because, having 
previously received every abundance from God and having now forgotten 
Him, he hurries and takes care to fill himself up with something. The 
emptiness that has formed inside him because of his falling away from 
God causes an unquenchable thirst inside him that is vague but constant.
 The person has become a bottomless abyss. He makes every effort to fill
 this abyss, but he cannot see or feel it getting full. Thus, he spends 
his entire life in sweat, toil and great labors; he busies himself with 
various occupations in which he hopes to find a way to quench his 
unquenchable thirst. These occupations take up all his attention, all 
his time and all his activity. They are the highest good, in which he 
lives with his whole heart. Thus, it is clear why a person who makes 
self his exclusive goal is never himself; instead, everything is outside
 him, in things either created or acquired by vanity. He has fallen away
 from God, Who is the fullness of everything. He himself is empty; it 
remains for him to seemingly pour himself out into an endless variety of
 things and live in them. Thus, the sinner thirsts, fusses, and troubles
 himself with occupations and numerous things outside himself and God. 
This is why a characteristic trait of sinful life is, in its disregard 
for salvation, the care and trouble about many things (cf. Lk 10:41).
2. The Care and Trouble about Many Things. 
 The nuances and distinctions of this care
 and trouble about many things depends on the kinds of emptiness that 
have formed in the soul. There is the emptiness of the mind that has 
forgotten the One Who is everything; this gives rise to care and trouble
 about learnedness, inquisitiveness, questioning and curiosity. There is
 the emptiness of the will that has been deprived of possession by the 
One Who is everything; this creates desire for many things, the longing 
to possess many things, so that everything is in our control, in our 
hands; this is self-interest. There is the emptiness of the heart that 
has been deprived of the enjoyment of the One Who is everything; this 
forms a thirst for the satisfaction of many and various things, or a 
search for an infinite number of objects in which we hope to find 
pleasure for our senses, both internal and external. Thus, the sinner is
 continually troubled about learnedness, the possession of many things, 
and the desire for many pleasures. He amuses himself, he possesses, he 
questions. He goes around in circles his entire life. Curiosity beckons,
 the heart hopes to taste sweet things, and he is enticed by the will. 
Anyone can convince himself of this if he observes the movements of his 
soul over the course of only a single day.
 If left alone, the sinner will continue going in 
circles, because this is our nature when it is enslaved to sin. However,
 when the sinner is in the company of others, the circles he goes around
 increase in number a thousandfold and become more convoluted. There is 
an entire world full of people who are continually doing things, 
questioning, amusing themselves, and scrounging about, whose every way 
in all of this has led to a system, placed everyone under its laws, and 
made these laws a necessity for everyone who belongs to this sphere. In 
this common alliance, they inevitably come into contact, rub up against 
each other, and in this rubbing succeed in elevating inquisitiveness, 
self-interest, and self-pleasure to the tenth, hundredth and thousandth 
degree, thereby placing all happiness, joy and life in this frenzy. This
 is the world of vanity, in which occupations, ways, rule, connections, 
language, diversions, amusements, concepts — everything, from the 
smallest to the greatest thing — are permeated by the spirit of these 
three fiends of many cares and trouble mentioned above. It is what 
constitutes the dreary going around in circles by the spirits of worldly
 people. Being in living communion with this entire world, each sinner 
is caught up in its thousandfold net, and is so deeply entangled in it 
that it is invisible to him. Such a heavy burden lies on each worldly 
person and each of his parts, that he does not have the strength to be 
stirred in the smallest way by anything that is not worldly, because 
this would seem like raising a thousand-pound weight to him. Thus, no 
one undertakes such an unmanageable task, and no one thinks to undertake
 it; instead, everyone lives on, moving in the rut into which they have 
fallen.
3. The Seductions of the Prince of this World. 
 Even worse is the prince of this world 
who is unparalleled in his cunning, spitefulness and experience in 
seduction. It is through the flesh and materialism with which the soul 
became mingled at the fall that he has free access to the soul. In his 
approach, he kindles curiosity, self-interest, and pleasure-loving 
self-comfort in various ways. Through various enticements, he holds the 
soul in these things with no escape; through various suggestions he 
suggests plans for satisfying them and then either aids in fulfilling 
them, or thwarts them through instruction of other more ambitious plans.
 All this is accomplished with one purpose: to prolong and deepen a 
person's involvement in them. This is what constitutes the change of 
worldly misfortune and fortune, unblessed by God.
 The prince of this world has an entire horde of 
servile spirits of malice that are subordinate to him. At each instant 
they scurry along every boundary of the inhabited world to sow various 
things in different places, deepen entanglement in the net of sin, 
repair traps that have become weak and broken, and especially to guard 
against anyone who might take it into his mind to rid himself of his 
bonds and escape to freedom. In the latter case, they hurriedly gather 
around the self-willed person. First they come one by one, then by 
detachments and legions until finally, the entire horde is there. This 
happens in various ways and forms so as to block all exits and mend the 
strands and nets, and, using the other analogy, to push back into the 
abyss any person who has begun to crawl out along its steep slopes.
4. The Invisible Kingdom of Spirits in which Each Sinner Is Immersed. 
 This invisible kingdom of spirits has 
special places. There are the throne rooms, where plans are drawn up, 
instructions arrive and reports are received with the approval or 
reproaches of the chiefs. These are the inner sanctums of satan, as St. 
John the Theologian expressed it. On earth, in the middle kingdom of 
people, there are leagues of evil-doers, profligates, and especially 
nonbelievers and blasphemers, whose deeds, words and writings pour out 
sinful gloom everywhere and block out the divine light. The aggregate of
 worldly ways, pervaded with sinful elements that stupefy and draw one 
away from God, is the organ through which they express their will and 
power here.
 This is the structure of the sinful sphere! Each 
sinner is immersed in it, but is kept there largely on account of some 
particular thing. This thing, perhaps, is in appearance tolerable, even 
laudable. Satan has a single concern; that is, where a person is 
completely occupied in his consciousness, attention, and heart, that God
 not be the sole occupier, but that something outside Him be attached to
 his mind, will, and heart, so the person has something in place of God 
and only cares about what he knows and what he enjoys and possesses. 
Here there are not only carnal and mental passions, but also specious 
things such as learnedness, artistry, and worldliness that can serve as 
the bonds of satan for keeping blinded sinners in his power and not 
allowing them to come to their senses. 
5. The Inner Mood and Condition of the Sinner. 
 If one looks at the sinner in his inner 
mood and condition, it happens sometimes that he is knowledgeable, but 
is blind with regard to divine things and the matter of his own 
salvation. Even if he constantly takes care and troubles over things, he
 is idle and careless in regard to arranging his own salvation; even if 
he continually experiences anxieties or pleasures of the heart, he is 
completely insensitive to everything spiritual. In this regard, all 
forces of being are afflicted by sin; and there is blindness, negligence
 and insensitivity in the sinner. He does not see his own condition, and
 therefore does not sense the danger of his situation. He does not sense
 his danger and therefore does not take the trouble and care to be 
delivered from it. The necessity to change and be saved does not even 
enter his mind. He has complete, unshakable confidence that he is at his
 proper station in life, wants for nothing and must therefore leave 
everything the way it is. Therefore, he considers any reminder about 
another kind of life to be superfluous for himself; he does not listen, 
and cannot even understand what it is for. He avoids and shuns it.