Η ΑΝΑΛΗΨΗ ΤΟΥ ΚΥΡΙΟΥ( π.Ἀλεξάνδρου Σμέμαν)

Ἕνα ρίγος χαρᾶς διαπερνᾶ τὴ λέξη “ἀνὰληψη”, πού δείχνει μιὰ πρόκληση πρὸς τοὺς ἀποκαλούμενους “νόμους τῆς φύσεως”, πρὸς τὴ διαρκῆ κάθοδο καὶ πτώση· εἶναι μιὰ λέξη πού ἀκυρώνει τοὺς νόμους τῆς βαρύτητας καὶ πτώσης. Ἐδῶ ἀντίθετα τὰ πάντα εἶναι ἐλαφράδα, πέταγμα, μιὰ ἀτέλειωτη ἄνοδος. Ἡ Ἀνάληψη τοῦ Κυρίου γιορτάζεται σαράντα μέρες μετὰ τὸ Πάσχα, τὴν Πέμπτη τῆς ἕκτης ἑβδομάδας μετὰ τὴ γιορτὴ τῆς Ἀνάστασης τοῦ Χριστοῦ.

Τὴν Τετάρτη, τὴν παραμονή, ἡ Ἐκκλησία τελεῖ τὴν ἀποκαλούμενη “Ἀπόδοση τῆς ἑορτῆς τοῦ Πάσχα”, σὰν νὰ χαιρετᾶ δηλ. τὸ Πάσχα. Ἡ ἀκολουθία εἶναι ἀκριβῶς ἡ ἴδια, ἀπ’ ἀρχῆς μέχρι τέλους, ὅπως αὐτὴ τῆς νύχτας τοῦ Πάσχα, μὲ τὴν ἀπαγγελία ἀκριβῶς τῶν ἴδιων στίχων: “Ἀναστήτω ὁ Θεὸς καὶ διασκορπισθήτωσαν οἱ ἐχθροὶ Αὐτοῦ…”, “Αὕτη ἡ ἡμέρα ἥν ἐποίησεν ὁ Κύριος, ἀγαλλιασώμεθα καὶ εὐφρανθῶμεν ἐν αὐτῇ”. Ὅταν ψάλλει αὐτοὺς τοὺς στίχους ὁ ἱερεύς, κρατᾶ τὴν πασχάλια λαμπάδα καὶ θυμιατίζει ὁλόκληρη τὴν ἐκκλησία, ἐνῶ σὲ ἀπάντηση ψάλλεται τὸ “Χριστὸς ἀνέστη”. Ἀποχωριζόμαστε τὸ Πάσχα, τὸ “ἀποδίδουμε” στὸ ἑπόμενο ἔτος.

Ἴσως νὰ ἔπρεπε νὰ αἰσθανόμαστε λυπημένοι. Ἀντί ὅμως γιὰ λύπη, μᾶς δίνεται νέα χαρά: ἡ χαρὰ νὰ στοχαζόμαστε καὶ νὰ γιορτάζουμε τὴν Ἀνάληψη. Σύμφωνα μὲ τὴν εὐαγγελικὴ διήγηση αὐτοῦ τοῦ γεγονότος, ὁ Κύριος ἀφοῦ ἔδωσε τὶς τελευταῖες ὁδηγίες στοὺς μαθητές, «ἐξήγαγε … αὐτοὺς ἔξω ἕως εἰς Βηθανίαν, καὶ ἐπάρας τὰς χεῖρας αὐτοῦ εὐλόγησεν αὐτούς. καὶ ἐγένετο ἐν τῷ εὐλογεῖν αὐτὸν αὐτοὺς διέστη ἀπ᾿ αὐτῶν καὶ ἀνεφέρετο εἰς τὸν οὐρανόν. καὶ αὐτοὶ προσκυνήσαντες αὐτὸν ὑπέστρεψαν εἰς ῾Ιερουσαλὴμ μετὰ χαρᾶς μεγάλης», (Λουκ. 24, 50-52). “Μετὰ χαρᾶς μεγάλης…”. Ποιὰ εἶναι ἡ πηγὴ αὐτῆς τῆς μεγάλης χαρᾶς πού ἀντέχει μέχρι σήμερα καὶ ἐκρήγνυται μὲ τέτοια ἐκπληκτικὴ λαμπρότητα τὴν ἡμέρα τῆς Ἀναλήψεως; Ἐπειδὴ φαίνεται σὰν ὁ Χριστὸς νὰ ἔφυγε καὶ νὰ ἄφησε μόνους τούς μαθητές· ἦταν μιὰ μέρα χωρισμοῦ. Μπροστά τους βρίσκεται ὁ πολὺ μακρὺς δρόμος τοῦ κηρύγματος, τῶν διωγμῶν, τοῦ πόνου καὶ τοῦ πειρασμοῦ πού γεμίζουν μέχρι ὑπερχείλισης τὴν ἱστορία τοῦ Χριστιανισμοῦ καὶ τῆς Ἐκκλησίας. Φαίνεται πώς παρῆλθε ἡ χαρά, ἡ χαρὰ τῆς ἐπίγειας καὶ καθημερινῆς συντροφιᾶς μὲ τόν Χριστό, πώς ἔφθασε στὸ τέλος ἡ προστασία πού παρεῖχε ἡ δύναμη καὶ ἡ θεότητά Του.

Ascension Icon (A commentary) Why stand ye gazing up into heaven?

Forty days after Christ’s resurrection, He was taken up into the Heavens before the disciples, and so forty days after Easter, is the Feast of the Ascension. The icon for this feast shows the events as described in the Book of Acts, though as with all Holy Icons there is more revealed than just a straight retelling of the story in pictures.

From the Rabbula Gospels (6thCentury)

Based on the accounts written by St Luke in his Gospel (Luke 24:36-53) and the Book of Acts (Acts 1:1-12), the icon of the Ascension is correspondingly ancient. One of the earliest surviving images of the Ascension, a full-page illustration from the 6th century Rabbula Gospels, is remarkably similar to all subsequent icons, with precious few variations. Icons from St Catherine’s monastery in Sinai, for example, show little change between images of the Ascension made in the 6th century with those painted almost 600 years later. Regardless of age or location, the Icon of the Ascension seems to have been “canonized” early on in the Church’s history.

The image itself is characterized by colour: the robes of the Apostles, the Mother of God, the Angels, and Christ Himself surrounded by light; all this is suitable for the Feast itself, which is one of the Twelve Great Feasts and a joyous celebration.

The icon contains both confusion and peace: the former is borne of worldly reasoning, whilst the latter comes from divine, heavenly, order.

In the Scriptures, Jesus is described as being merely “taken up” into the skies and disappearing from sight behind a cloud. Seemingly contrary to this, the icon of the event shows Christ in glory: surrounded by a mandorla (or circle) of light, flanked by angels, and arrayed in brilliant golden robes. Indeed, the similarity between the appearance of Christ at His Ascension, and the appearance of Christ at His Second Coming are striking:

Left: Christ at the Ascension; Right: Christ at the Last Judgment

The image of Christ in glory, seated upon a “rainbow”, comes directly from the Book of Revelation, regarding the Last Judgment and Second Coming of Jesus Christ:

Immediately I was in the Spirit; and behold, a throne set in heaven, and One sat on the throne. And He who sat there was like a jasper and a sardius stone in appearance; and there was a rainbow around the throne, in appearance like an emerald. (Rev 4:2-3)

The reason Christ ascending into Heaven is depicted the same as Christ’s Second Coming is because of the words of the angels present at the Ascension:

“Men of Galilee, why do you stand gazing up into heaven? This same Jesus, who was taken up from you into heaven, will so come in like manner as you saw Him go into heaven.” (Acts 1:11)

And so the Icon depicts Jesus’ Ascension and Second Coming “in like manner”. Not that the disciples below Christ fully understand these words yet.

The Mystery of Knowledge-By Saint Justin Popovich

Man has always been fascinated by ultimate things--life, death, the origin of the world--and his discoveries in other fields of knowledge have given him confidence to assume that some day these mysteries will also yield to the power of his intellect. Such pride of mind, however, can only lead away from the truth, which, according to Orthodox teaching, is the aim and foundation of all true knowledge. How is such knowledge acquired? Here we have part of a longer essay by the renowned Serbian theologlan of blessed memory, Archimandrite Justin Popovich (+1979), in which he distills the writings of Saint Isaac the Syrian on the Orthodox theology of knowledge. Briefly, he explains that because man's understanding became darkened through sin, through consorting with evil, he became incapable of true knowledge. Man can come to this knowledge only when his soul (the seat of understanding) is healed. This is made possible by means of the virtues, and the primary virtue in this remedial process is faith. 'Through faith, the mind, which was previously dispersed among the passions, is concentrated, freed from sensuality, and endowed with peace and humility of thought .... It is by the ascesis of faith that a man conquers egotism, steps beyond the bounds of self, and enters into a new, transcendent reality which also transcends subjectivity." In separate sections, Fr. Justin discusses prayer, humility, love and grace, all requisite companions of faith, before leading the reader into "The Mystery of Knowledge," which we have reprinted below with slight abbreviations.

According to the teaching of St. Isaac the Syrian, there are two sorts of knowledge: that which precedes faith and that which is born of faith. The former is natural knowledge and involves the discernment of good and evil. The latter is spiritual knowledge and is "the perception of the mysteries,'' "the perception of what is hidden," "the contemplation of the invisible."