St Gregory Palamas on the Transfiguration of our Lord and Saviour

The Prophet Isaiah foretold in respect of the Gospel that “the Lord will give a concise word on the earth” [Isaiah 10.23 LXX]. A concise word is an utterance containing an abundance of meaning in a few phrases. So let us look again at the Gospel passage, which we examined earlier, and add what we left out, that we may take our fill of the incorruptible meaning stored up in it, and all receive divine inspiration.

“At that time Jesus took Peter, James, and John, and brought them up into a high mountain apart, and was transfigured before them: and His face did shine as the sun” [Matthew 17.1-2; see also Mark 9.2-3]. “Behold, now is the acceptable time,” brethren, “now is the day of salvation” [2 Corinthians 6.2; see also Isaiah 49.8], a divine, new and eternal day, not measured in hours, never lengthening or shortening, uninterrupted by night. For us it is the day of the Sun of righeousness [Malachi 4.2], with Whom is no variableness, neither shadow nor turning [James 1.17]. That Sun, since the day when, by the good pleasure of the Father and the cooperation of the Holy Spirit, He lovingly shone upon us and led us “out of darkness into His marvellous light” [1 Peter 2.9], continues without setting to shine upon us for ever.

As the Sun of Righteousness [Malachi 4.2] and truth, He does not consent to give light to, or be known perfectly by, those who cultivate lying and either extol injustice or demonstrate it in their deeds. But He shines upon those who act righteously and love truth, is believed by them, and delights them with His rays. Therefore the Scripture says, “Light has dawned for the righteous, and its companion, gladness” [see Psalme 97.11 LXX]. And the Psalmist and Prophet also sings to God, “Tabor and Hermon shall rejoice in Thy name” [Psalm 89.12], foretelling the joy that those who later saw that illumination would experience. Isaiah tells us “to loose the bands of wickedness, to undo the heavy burdens, and to let the oppressed go free” [Isaiah 58.6]. What then? “Then shall thy light break forth as the morning, and thy health as shall spring forth speedily; and thy righteousness shall go before thee, and the glory of the Lord shall compass thee” [Isaiah 58.8 LXX]. Again he says, “If thou take away from the midst of thee the yoke and the stretching forth of the hand, and murmuring speech, and if thou give bread to the hungry from thy heart, and satisfy the afflicted soul, then shall thy light rise in darkness, and thy darkness shall be as noonday” [Isaiah 58.9-10 LXX]. For that Sun makes other suns of those upon whom it brightly shines. “Then shall the righteous shine forth as the sun in the kingdom of their Father” [Matthew 13.43].

Let us cast off, brethren, the works of darkness, and let us perform the works of light, that we may not only walk honestly, as in the day [Romans 13.12-13], but also become children of the day [1 Thessalonians 5.5]. And come, let us go up the mountain where Christ shone forth, that we may see what happened there. Or rather, if we become children worthy of that day, the Word of God Himself will take us up when the time comes. Now, I beseech you, strive to lift up the eyes of your understanding towards the light of the Gospel message, that you may be transformed by the renewing of your mind [Romans 12.2], and having acquired the divine brightness from above, be conformed to the likeness of the glory of the Lord [Romans 8.29], Whose face shone like the sun today on the mountain.

From a sermon by Saint Gregory Palamas, Archbishop of Thessalonica, on the Feast of the Transfiguration, between the years 1347 and 1359.

Metropolitan Anthony of Sourozh-On The Transfiguration

In the name of the Father, the Son and the Holy Ghost.

There are blessed or tragic moments when we can see a person revealed to us in a light with a depth, with an awesome beauty which we have never suspected before.

It happens when our eyes are open, at a moment of purity of heart; because it is not only God Himself Whom the pure in heart will see; it is also the divine image, the light shining in the darkness of a human soul, of the human life that we can see at moments when our heart becomes still, becomes transparent, becomes pure.

But there are also other moments when we can see a person whom we thought we have always known, in a light that is a revelation. It happens when someone is aglow with joy, with love, with a sense of worship and adoration. It happens also when a person is at the deepest point, the crucifying point of suffering, but when the suffering remains pure, when no hatred, no resentment, no bitterness, no evil is mixed to it, when pure suffering shines out, as it shone invisibly to many from the crucified Christ.

This can help us to understand what the Apostles saw when they were on the Mount of Transfiguration. They saw Christ in glory at a moment when His total surrender to the will of the Father, His final and ultimate acceptance of His own human destiny, became revealed to them. Moses and Elijah, we are told, stood by Him; the one representing the Law and the other one representing the Prophets: both have proclaimed the time when salvation would come, when the Man of suffering will take upon Himself all the burdens of the world, when the Lamb of God slain before all ages would take upon Himself all the tragedy of this world. It was a moment when in His humanity Christ, in humble and triumphant surrender, gave Himself ultimately to the Cross.

Last week we heard Him say that the Son of God will be delivered in the hand of men, and they will crucify Him, but on the third day He will rise. At that moment it became imminent, it was a decisive point, and He shone with the glory of the perfect, sacrificial, crucified love of the Holy Trinity, and the
responsive love of Jesus the Man, as Saint Paul calls Him. The Apostles saw the shining, they saw the divine light streaming through the transparent flesh of Christ, falling on all the things around Him, touching rock and plant, and calling out of them a response of light. They alone did not understand, because in all the created world man alone has sinned and is blind. And yet, they were shown the mystery, and yet, they entered into that cloud which is the divine glory, that filled them with awe, with fear, but at the same time with such exulting joy and wonder!

Moses had entered that cloud and was allowed to speak to God as a friend speaks to a friend; he was allowed to see God passing by him, still without a name, still without a face. And now, they saw the face of God in the Incarnation. They saw His face and they saw His glory shining out of tragedy. What they perceived was the glory, what they perceived was the wonder of being there, in the glory of God, in the presence of Christ revealed to them in glory. They wanted to stay there forever, as we do at moments when something fills us with adoration, with worship, with awe, with unutterable joy. But Christ had told them that the time has come to go down into the valley, to leave the Mount of Transfiguration because this was the beginning of the way of the Cross, and He had to be merged into all that was tragic in human life. He brought them down into the valley to be confronted with the agony of the father whose child could not be cured, with the inability of the disciples to do anything for this child, with the expectation of the people who now could turn to no one but Him - that is where He brought them.

And we are told that He had chosen these three disciples because together, in their togetherness they held the three great virtues that make us capable of sharing with God the mystery of His incarnation, of His Divinity, of His crucifixion, to face His descent into hell after His death and to receive the news of
His resurrection: the faith of Peter, the love of John, the righteousness of James.

There are moments when we also see something which is beyond us, and how much we wish we could stay, stay forever in this blissful condition; and it is not only because we are incapable of it that we are not allowed to stay in it, but because the Lord says, You are now on the Mount of Transfiguration, you have seen Christ ready to be crucified for the life of the world - go now together with Him, go now in His name, go now, and bring people to Him that they may live!

This is our vocation. May God give us faith, and the purity of heart that allows us to see God in every brother and sister of ours! Didn't one of the Desert Fathers say, ‘He who has seen his brother has seen God’? - and serve one another with love sacrificial, with the exulting joy of giving our lives to one another as Christ gave His life for us. Amen.

Χτίζετε γέφυρες ἤ φράκτες;

Μια φορά κι έναν καιρό, μάλωσαν δύο αδέλφια που ζούσαν σε γειτονικές φάρμες. Ήταν το πρώτο σοβαρό ρήγμα στη σχέση τους. Για 40 χρόνια, εργάζονταν μαζί ως γεωργοί, μοιράζονταν χωρίς κανένα πρόβλημα τα γεωργικά μηχανήματα, και συνεργάζονταν αρμονικά για την εμπορία των προϊόντων τους.

Όμως, η μακρά συνεργασία τους διεκόπη απότομα. Η διένεξη ξεκίνησε από μια μικρή παρεξήγηση, εξελίχθηκε σε μια σημαντική διαφορά, και τελικά κατέληξε σε ανταλλαγή πικρών κουβέντων.
Ένα πρωί κάποιος χτύπησε την πόρτα του μεγαλύτερου αδελφού. Εκείνος άνοιξε και αντίκρισε έναν άνθρωπο με την εργαλειοθήκη ενός ξυλουργού.

«Ψάχνω για δουλειά λίγων ημερών» είπε. «Ίσως έχετε ανάγκη για κάποιες μικροεργασίες και θα μπορούσα να σας φανώ χρήσιμος».

«Πράγματι» αναφώνησε ο μεγαλύτερος αδελφός. «Έχω μια δουλειά για σένα. Κοίταξε σε εκείνο τον κολπίσκο στο απέναντι αγρόκτημα. Αυτός είναι ο γείτονάς μου. Στην πραγματικότητα, είναι ο μικρότερος αδερφός μου. Μέχρι την περασμένη εβδομάδα υπήρχε ένα χωράφι ανάμεσα μας.
Όμως, έσκαψε με την μπουλντόζα του μέχρι το ανάχωμα του ποταμού και τώρα υπάρχει ένα ποταμάκι ανάμεσα μας. Λοιπόν, μπορεί να κατάφερε να μ" εκνευρίσει, αλλά εγώ θα κάνω κάτι χειρότερο.»

«Βλέπεις αυτή τον σωρό με ξύλα στο στάβλο; Θέλω να φτιάξεις ένα ψηλό φράχτη. Δεν θέλω να ξαναδώ το πρόσωπό του».
Ο ξυλουργός απάντησε: «Νομίζω ότι καταλαβαίνω την κατάσταση. Πιστεύω ότι μπορώ να τα καταφέρω και ότι στο τέλος θα ευχαριστηθείς με τη δουλειά μου».
Ο μεγαλύτερος αδελφός έπρεπε να πάει στην πόλη γα να τελειώσει κάποιες δουλειές. Έτσι, βοήθησε τον ξυλουργό να μεταφέρει τα ξύλα, και έφυγε για την πόλη.

Ο ξυλουργός εργάστηκε σκληρά κατά τη διάρκεια της μέρας. Λίγο πριν το ηλιοβασίλεμα, όταν ο γεωργός επέστρεψε, ο ξυλουργός είχε μόλις τελειώσει τη δουλειά του.
Τα μάτια του αγρότη γούρλωσαν από αυτό που αντίκρισε. Δεν είχε κατασκευαστεί ο φράχτης που είχε ζητήσει. Αντί για τον φράχτη, υπήρχε μια γέφυρα από την μια μεριά του ρέματος μέχρι την άλλη.
Εκείνη την ώρα, είδε από την άλλη μεριά της γέφυρας να έρχεται προς το μέρος του ο γείτονας, ο νεώτερος αδελφός του. Όταν τον πλησίασε, άπλωσε τα χέρια του και αναφώνησε:
«Είσαι ο καλύτερος αδελφός που θα μπορούσα να είχα. Μετά από όλα όσα έχω κάνει και έχω πει εναντίον σου, έχτισες μια γέφυρα ανάμεσα μας».

Τα δύο αδέλφια αγκαλιάστηκαν, μετανιωμένα για ότι είχε συμβεί ανάμεσα τους. Γύρισαν και είδαν τον ξυλουργό να σηκώνει την εργαλειοθήκη και να την κρεμάει στον ώμο του.
«Όχι, μην φεύγεις, περίμενε! Μείνε λίγες ημέρες. Έχω κι άλλες εργασίες για σένα», είπε ο μεγαλύτερος αδελφός.
«Θα ήθελα πολύ να μείνω» είπε ο ξυλουργός, «αλλά έχω να χτίσω κι άλλες γέφυρες».